shooting pain in breast after lumpectomy. I have been really well throughout and feel fortunate that I’ve healed well and my treatment has been straight forward. shooting pain in breast after lumpectomy

 
 I have been really well throughout and feel fortunate that I’ve healed well and my treatment has been straight forwardshooting pain in breast after lumpectomy  lumpectomy was done July 6, reexicion for margians on July 27th and was reopened on August 17th due to an infection

I have been really well throughout and feel fortunate that I’ve healed well and my treatment has been straight forward. Sensations or Pain After Breast Cancer Surgery. They can also cause a loss of joint or tissue. Hi. Longer than 10 minutes can cause nerve and skin damage. I am unable to take pain medications due to side effects from pain meds. The tube was pulled early due to a nurses incompetence as I was admitted to the hospital with a serious infection. It was an ache, sometimes shooting nerve pains all in my left. The incidence varies in different studies, ranging from approximately 30% to as high as 80% of patients after mastectomy. Learn more here. I was afraid of being told my cancer had come back, so I suffered in silence. • Lymphedema, or pain in the armpit. Iniah Member Posts: 3. I just had my first radiation treatment yesterday. Doctors commonly use a lumpectomy to treat small, early-stage breast cancer tumors in females. 5 years out post lumpectomy and radiation. Over an average follow-up of five years, the study revealed that the rate of breast cancer recurrence in the same breast was 2. 8%) with diabetes mellitus. A number of treatment options are available for treating rib pain that continues after breast cancer surgery. About 20% of people have pain that lasts longer [ 258 ]. Slowly let your elbows fall gently out to the side. 24 However, considerable variation in the precise definition of this pain condition has limited the identification of definitive risk factors. Wire Guided Localization Before Lumpectomy. You may have only one drain, or you may have five or more if you have a bilateral mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. 1 to 13% in breast cancer after. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) removes the cancer while leaving as much normal breast as possible. The burning sensation is on the sternum and under the left breast. This can occur for different. Although persistent nipple discharge after nipple-sparing mastectomy is a rare event, it has been. A variety of complications may occur after surgical treatment for breast cancer, one such complication is chronic pain, which may. 1 Chronic postsurgical pain. Phantom sensations after mastectomy might not involve pain, but there are reports of 17 per cent of women up to. A 2019 study notes that once the surgeons have removed the breast, the muscles in the front of the chest can tighten. , 1999. This is my 1st time on board! 2 yrs. PAIN AFTER LUMPECTOMY. Shooting or burning pain going to the nipple can be caused by the stretching of your breast tissue and muscle to accommodate your implants. Onc was very concerned, we did biopsy came back neg but due to symptoms there was fear of inflammatory BC. , 1994) but have been found to be associated with other types of pain after lumpectomy or mastectomy in some studies (Tasmuth et al. I went to oncologist yesterday and told her. The classic symptoms of PMPS are pain and tingling in the chest wall, armpit, and/or arm. Sunday, March 12, 2023. It is wise to keep the dressing dry for the first 48 hours, then you may shower or bathe as normal, but try not to soak the dressing. You are likely to experience this sensation in either one or both breasts. My cancer was quite deep in the breast as it was hidden under a fibroid and was not picked up by the mammo or other tests, hence the 2 surgeries being done a month apart. I did have terrible terrible pain after my lumpectomy. breastfeeding. Change the texture of the breast. Ongoing pain or discomfort can happen after any type of breast surgery, including a lumpectomy (wide local excision), a mastectomy, lymph node removal and breast. I sprayed it on my fingers and then dabbed it on the spot. Lymph nodes in the armpit (axilla) may also be removed. Over the past 2 decades, breast-conservation therapy with lumpectomyand whole-breast radiotherapy has become a standard option for themajority of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. There can, however, be long-term. Pain from surgery (breast, lymph node or reconstruction), radiation, rotator cuff tendonitis, nerve damage, cording, or other side effects of breast cancer treatment including lymphedema can lead to shoulder underuse, either consciously or subconsciously. Wounds can weep a little and the dressing may need to be changed. Lumpectomy is also called breast-conserving surgery or wide local excision because only a portion of the breast is removed. Summary. Radiation therapy (usually given after a lumpectomy) can also affect the look of the breast. Pain after lumpectomy on breast. The past 2 weeks have been very painful. It took weeks for the pain from surgery to go away. I have a concern that I need to see if someone has the same problem. Scotch Freckles. Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a recognised complication of breast surgery although little is known about the long-term outcome of this chronic pain condition. It can take a few months for everything to settle down after having two lumpectomies. Dizzy_Heart_9107 • 9 mo. No matter what, please see your Onc!Studies show 20% to 30% of women develop post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) after surgery, and the nerve pain — in the chest wall, armpit or arm — doesn’t go away over time, according to. Peripheral neve surgery may be an option for patients experiencing chronic post-mastectomy pain. It can also happen after radiotherapy. Lumpectomy is surgical procedure to remove an abnormal “lump” or tumor from the breast. The researchers found that certain factors were linked to continuing pain after surgery: preoperative pain problems. [] The treatment of this condition depends on its staging, and surgical resection constituting an important step in an attempt to cure the disease. Try to repeat this exercise 3 to 5 times a day. In many cases, a lumpectomy will be followed by radiation therapy, which kills any remaining. Some women have reported. Therefore,. Patients generally do not have significant pain after a lumpectomy, but the breast can be swollen, bruised or tender for a few days to a week or two after surgery depending on a patient’s breast size and size of the tumor removed. In 2017, acellular dermal matrix was used in 56% of breast reconstructive procedures, with complication rates similar to operations without AlloDerm. Hello beautiful people happy new year to all I haven't been in this site in many many months or a couple of years I would say, I've been so busy working trying to survive in this hard economy here in the US. org. I had a right breast lumpectomy with radiation treatments almost 20 years ago. More than 50% of women will have pain one year after treatment. Just wondering if this is normal and if anyone else has notice the swollen and tenderness still especially since its been a year. I also had 2 Sentinel Lymph Nodes removed, in 2008, and that was clear. I had 25 nodes removed and 14 of them had cancer. . Phantom breast syndrome refers to sensations women may "feel" in their breast after a mastectomy or other breast surgery for breast cancer. Serous fluid is a clear, pale yellow fluid that contains protein but no blood cells or pus. Your tendency after surgery is to slump. Often, breast pain is caused due to hormonal changes but may also arise due to an infection, noncancerous blockages or tissue growths, and injuries to the chest or breast. You may get a blood clot. It should ease and become less frequent. Most of the time this occurs because of injury to a nerve. They were…. I've had problems with that because the ridge pushes on nerves which can cause numbness. After the ultra sound was ordered to check out the lump under my arm, they found the tumor in my breast. I had both breasts lifted and augmented (saline) in 1994. Lumpectomy is also called breast-conserving surgery, because during the operation, the breast cancer tumor along with a rim of healthy surrounding tissue is removed, while as much of the remaining breast tissue as possible is conserved. When I had my lumpectomy on Nov. Research shows that about half of women who have breast cancer surgery have continuing pain problems a year or more after surgery. Looks like you're just 6 months out from radiation. 5 years out post lumpectomy and radiation. Breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy) removes the cancer and just enough tissue to get all the cancer. Postmastectomy pain syndrome has been described as a burning, aching or stabbing pain or tightness, which may be exacerbated by movement of the shoulder/shoulder blade. It is also known by other names: lumpectomy, partial mastectomy, segmental mastectomy or quadrantectomy. Many women describe it as feeling like the vibration of a muted cell phone. sensitivity to touch or to the cold. 1 Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a neuropathic condition defined as pain located in the anterior surface of the chest axilla, shoulder or upper half. Other side effects of breast-conserving surgery can include: Pain or tenderness or a "tugging". But yes, the weird sensations do show up at weird times. This is temporary. , and was signed off work for 2 weeks. Posted by beckyf @beckyf, Oct 14 1:26am. As of 2018, 1 in 8 women in the U. This means you’re asleep during the surgery. They only warn about the burns and the redness and then use words such as discomfort when the reality is that the tissues are damaged and the pain will persist for some time. Katrina, this could be from radiation after effects where the radiation can cause a "ridge" in the breast tissue. Patients with chronic post-mastectomy pain can also experience significant discomfort from even minor sources like clothing, seat belts, or coughing. This pain comes less often than it used to, but it still pops up. no abstractStiffness and Diffuse Pain. Treatment for breast pain after surgery depends on the type and severity of pain you're experiencing. Eric. 1136/eb-2013-101418. The trial included 2,262 women with early-stage breast cancer who had a lumpectomy and an elevated risk of recurrence in the same breast. My pet scans are clear in my breast. The prevalence of PMPS has been shown to be higher after lumpectomy than after mastectomy (Tasmuth et al, 1996, 1997). Changes to the skin of your breast. Once treatment is complete, it should be followed with chemotherapy or light. Off and on I get pain in the scar area from the lumpectomy. Non-MSK patients who wish to receive lymphedema care at MSK can make an appointment to see one of our physiatrists (doctors who specialize in rehabilitation medicine) by calling 646-888-1929 . “It’s just occasional sharp jabbing pain, like a knife. Tenderness should go away in about 2 or 3 days, and the bruising within. The pain of the lumpectomy finally gone. 6. DCIS does not cause symptoms and 80% of the time is found only by mammography. The two types of breast cancer most likely to recur are inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). If you have an aching pain in the breast, wearing a supportive sports bra during the day and a soft bra with no underwire at night may help. A separate drainage tube is often placed if you have a lymph node dissection. Monday to Friday. Swelling can also affect the breast, chest, shoulder or the area on the back behind the armpit. This group includes individuals with small nonpalpable tumors detected at screening mammography and those. Lumpectomy: In this procedure, the surgeon removes cancerous cells and a small margin of surrounding tissue. For people under age 70 with invasive breast cancer, radiation therapy will typically follow the lumpectomy to kill any remaining cancer cells. Some women say they have trouble taking a deep breath, comparing the sensation to wearing an “iron bra,” Dr. Pain in breast years After lumpectomy. aching or burning. These cancers are described in more detail below. I was 58 then. This is called peripheral neuropathy or chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), and it can cause weakness, numbness, pins and needles and, occasionally, burning or shooting pain. throbbing. Some say it feels like when. However, this is also very rare, as, again, today’s treatments have advanced far. ThisAfter a lumpectomy, we typically begin radiation therapy within a few weeks to months, therefore it occurs during the six-month time frame of healing. If scar tissue forms around a stitch from surgery it’s called a suture granuloma and also feels like a lump. Tightness in joints such as the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand. ” In addition, pain medications prescribed after breast surgery may cause itching as a side effect. Lumpectomy in combination with axillary lymph node removal;. I know there were 6 or more metal staples put in my left breast to secure blood vessels. Long-term localcontrol is achieved in approximately 85% of patients, and the therapy isgenerally well tolerated. If the area gets very swollen and you have a lot of pain, call the breast nurse between 9 a. This article will focus on ICBN damage after axillary lymph node surgery. Pain from PMPS has been described as a burning sensation; a shooting, stabbing pain; or a throbbing,. The pain in my arm continued on after surgery, until unbelievably last week, it dawned on me, I have no more pain in my arm. 1 reply trixie1313 | @trixie1313 | Jan 3, 2021 @katrina123 Katrina, this could be from radiation after effects where the radiation can cause a "ridge" in the breast tissue. A lumpectomy is a surgery to remove a malignant (cancerous) tumor from your breast. Another type of swelling called lymphedema is more common, and is a result of either lymph node removal surgery (which has nothing to do with radiation), or radiation that has damaged nearby lymph nodes. preoperative pain in the area where breast cancer surgery would take place. Summary: Nearly 50 percent of women surveyed indicate they experience pain symptoms 2 to 3 years after breast cancer treatment, with women who were younger or. Use an ice pack, or put crushed ice in a plastic bag. normal? 1 doctor answer • 3 doctors weighed inAlmost a year ago I had a lumpectomy in my right breast followed by radiotherapy and I now take tamoxifen. Recent studies indicate between 25-60% of women have some degree of pain or uncomfortable sensations in their breast even years after breast cancer operations. That means it lets you to keep your breast shape and, usually, your nipple. the shooting pain in my breast finally went away 2 weeks ago and now after just one treatment of radiation I can feel the pain coming bacj and a tearing feeling under my arm. Apparently this is quite normal and can go on for 5 years. I think it's been about 2 weeks since the surgery. The inside of the arm to just above the elbow. Fig. It may cause swelling, discoloration, or discomfort. Do not push or pull with your arms. Over-the-counter pain medication wasn't working. I had breast implants 17 years ago. [Epub ahead of print] Five to seven years after breast cancer treatment, over a third of women (37%) report persistent pain. The study was published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal . I'm only about a month out from the Savi radiation treatment after my lumpectomy. Younger women and those given radiation therapy are also at higher risk of having long-term pain. Dressings. Almost a year ago I had a lumpectomy in my right breast followed by radiotherapy and I now take tamoxifen. They took muscle from the area -- lump was on the right at 5 o'clock -- very unusual area. Your doctor may also refer to it as a wide local excision, segmental resection, or partial mastectomy. The lidocaine shots made it worse imo. The mean age of patients with breast cancer who underwent breast reconstruction after partial or total mastectomy was 45. A complication is anything that happens after surgery that makes your recovery more difficult. Definition. 1. Fatigue usually gets better a few weeks after treatment finishes. Although the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer often negatively affect mental health and physical health, most people have a good quality of life after completing breast cancer treatment. 1 to 13% in breast cancer after. For the last few days the pain in my breast is awful, but is also radiating down my right side through my ribs, they feel really bruised. While the pain associated with breast surgery resolves in the majority of patients, chronic pain, defined as pain lasting greater than 3–6 months after surgery, affects a significant minority of patients, with an estimated incidence of 20–30%. Developing lymphedema – painful swelling in the arm, underarm, hand, chest, abdomen, or back – after breast cancer has traditionally been viewed as a risk worth taking to undergo breast cancer surgery. New breast pain 20 years post lumpectomy. Has anyone else experienced this?Initial diagnosis: DCIS left breast Had first lumpectomy. Chemotherapy/Radiation and Tamoxifen for 5 yrs. ago. Knobf T. Your healthcare provider will also discuss. Sore throat. Side effects: Common side effects after a lumpectomy may include: Pain, tenderness, or swelling of the breast. Skin inflammation or area of redness. There was no lymph node involvement. The first week was bearable with lots of numbness which is now going, but this week has been a nightmare! Patient arm movement is often limited by pain or fear of pain. 6% in breast cancer after lumpectomy and the locoregional recurrence from 32. Mine is, especially around the areola which is where the tumor was removed from. You may have swelling in your arm closest to the lumpectomy or where lymph nodes were removed. Specializing in reconstructive surgery and pain relief in the Greater Baltimore area. INTRODUCTION. April 2011 #12. At that time, you will hear about your pathology results from the tissue removed during your lumpectomy. aching pain. m. Sharp shooting pain. Breast cancer 1996 (left breast & lymph node involvement). This pain and sensory dysfunction may also contribute to secondary complications such as reduced range of motion in the arm. Rest, fluids, and proper nutrition can help speed up healing. During surgery:Yes. During a lumpectomy, your surgeon will only remove the cancerous tumor and surrounding margin of healthy tissue. Seromas can happen after the following surgeries to treat breast cancer: Seromas can appear about 7 to 10 days after surgery, after the drainage tubes have been removed. The most common signs are changes in the look or feel of the breast or the nipple and nipple discharge. It may be burning or sharp, may spread down the arm and can be worse when you move. Sensations like these are normal. I just finished radiation (and also got a nice case of shingles early on during radiation). Radiation therapy, also called radiotherapy, is a very effective treatment for lowering the risk of recurrence in early-stage breast cancer and for managing pain or complications of metastatic breast cancer. After a lumpectomy, there will be an incision from the breast tissue removal that must heal. Almost a year ago I had a lumpectomy in my right breast followed by radiotherapy and I now take tamoxifen. Make the breast feel firmer. It feels like the skin is stretching. What are the causes and different types of pains found after breast surgery? Pain may persist after surgery due to numerous reasons such as surgical injury- nerve or. You may feel minor aches, twinges or shooting pain in the breast area during or after treatment. Although neuropathic pain is the most common type of pain reported after breast cancer surgery, some women also experience phantom breast pain. Most problems are minor but some can be serious. Self-Advocacy. Has anyone else experienced this?I was awakened from my sleep with pain by my lumpectomy scar 4 months after surgery and 2 months after radiation. , during the weekend, or on a holiday, call 212-639-2000. Abstract. Posted by adreb2 @adreb2, Jun 19, 2022. I have had the stabbing pains since my stitches were taken out. I had a TAH in 2000. One theory is that this arises because nerves cut during a mastectomy try to grow back without any place to go. It’s considered a stage 0 breast cancer that is not life-threatening and potentially 100 percent curable. A Range of Symptoms. It is common for tiredness to last for months after treatment is over. I am 4. Am using ice packs for pain. I had two ops in January & February 2021 ( removal of lumpectomy then back in to remove lymph nodes in second op. For the last few days the pain in my breast is awful, but is also radiating down my right side through my ribs, they feel really bruised. A lumpectomy is known as “breast-conserving” surgery. Infection at the incision site is the primary concern, as any. The pain can feel like a tingling, burning, or shooting sensation. My whole breast aches and the pain goes through to my back. This type of treatment is as effective as having all the breast tissue removed (mastectomy). Other signs include: swelling of the chest wall. i recovered well but last week it so started to have significant stabbing pains in same breast as operation and now I am worried !Hi had anyone suffered any new pain several months after lumpectomy? i recovered well but last week it so started to have significant stabbing pains in same breast. If you had breast surgery for breast cancer, such as a lumpectomy, mastectomy, or lymph node removal, and are still experiencing pain, you’re not alone. But it is agony when I lie down, sometimes I wear a bra at night to support my breast. Skin inflammation or area of redness. Laura Esserman, the director of the Carol Franc Buck Breast Care Center in San Francisco, said she was shocked to learn of the prevalence of the problem when one of the speakers at a 2011 symposium she led on the management of breast cancer symptoms said that 20 to 40 percent of women complained of persistent pain after. Lumpectomy is a surgical procedure that carries a risk of side effects, including: Bleeding; Infection; Pain; Temporary swelling; Tenderness; Formation of hard scar tissue at the. Many findings can be mistaken for cancer. Your breasts should fit snugly within the cups of the bra, if there is spillage at the top of the cup, then you should try a larger size. Phantom breast syndrome is a type of condition in which patients have a sensation of residual breast tissue and can include both non-painful sensations as well as phantom breast pain. I am nearly 6 months from op and still get the aches, twinges and stabbing pains. Just over 10% said their symptoms were severe. The exercises can be painful, requiring perseverance and working gradually through the pain, until arm movement improves and the pain subsides. A common cause is the limited range of motion that most of us experience immediately after surgery. Risk factors for recurrence included higher tumor grade, being younger than 50 years old, having cancer in lymph nodes in the armpit region, and having a hormone receptor–negative breast cancer. Other causes of a rash include an allergy or infection. Long-term side effects can include: Breast changes: The breasts may shrink or become more dense after radiation. shoulder pain. Just over. Some people develop lymphoedema after treatment for breast cancer. My whole breast aches and the pain goes through to my back. In some cases, local anesthesia with sedation, or regional anesthesia may be used. Check the Cup Fit. The breast lump was removed. Most of the time this occurs because of injury to a nerve. Some people may have severe swelling (edema) with the affected arm being several inches larger than the other arm. Six factors in particular emerged as the most significant indicators, with risk for invasive breast cancer after DCIS diagnosis ranging from 36% to 84%. Mine is, especially around the areola which is where the tumor was removed from. @katrina123. Breast cancer is the most common cancer of women in the United States. The most common symptoms include: pain, tingling, burning, weakness, tickling, or numbness in arms, hands, legs and feet. The breast has nerves than can be cut in surgery; they will not recover. I do not really have any armpit pain just sometime experience sharp shooting or stabbing pains in my left breast around the area where the lump was removed. Breast conserving surgery is also called a wide local excision or lumpectomy. Lumpectomy procedures are less invasive than mastectomy, but they still carry some risks, including pain, swelling and bruising. Ice helps prevent tissue damage and decreases swelling and pain. ; Skin-sparing: A skin-sparing partial mastectomy aims to preserve as much of the breast's skin while removing the breast tissue, nipple, and areola. Lauder Breast Center in Manhattan. If you have any symptoms, tell your health. problems breastfeeding. Hello, After a few very anxious weeks I have been diagnosed with a 6-8cm Radial Scar in my right breast. Often, the entire lesion is removed and clips are used to localize the biopsy site. Lumpectomy is a type of surgery for breast cancer. April 2010 edited April 2010. Check Cups Support you Correctly. This is not an uncommon problem. Damage to the ICBN can also happen during other surgeries and radiation therapy in the axillary area. A lumpectomy, also known as a partial mastectomy, is a surgical breast cancer treatment option that aims to preserve healthy breast tissue. SwellingOther symptoms may include: pain. These can include: sharp, shooting or burning pain. Lumpectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a tumor (benign or malignant). A number of lymph nodes may also be removed to test them for cancerous cells ( sentinel lymph. Had a right. In transgender men, breast pain may be caused by the minimal amount of breast tissue that may remain. Anyway, the surgery was successful with no cancer cells in the Lymph nodes. Breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy) removes the cancer and just enough tissue to get all the cancer. Introduction. I was getting worried but have been reading many women do feel the pain and stabbing sensations a long time after surgery. The stinging and shooting pains from my lumpectomy went on for months. The breast area involved in the surgery may have a spot that's. I actually jump at times causing my husband to look at me strangely!!Another shared their story of long-lasting pain after breast reconstruction surgery. Radiopaque circles are mole markers. It may resolve on its own over time, or it. Also a complete reduction in both breast , I have been in pain in the left breast ever since, which is the one I had lump and lymph nodes removed. I went through chemo from January through April and finished radiation in mid June. Medically Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD on October 24, 2023. Radiation therapy stops fast dividing cells from dividing thereby halting the growth of any cancer cells. Hello! It is common for the breast to undergo shrinkage from the radiation. After radiation treatment, the breast can remain swollen for months or even years — this is known as edema. Finally got my smx i wanted from the get go. Brachial. My lumpectomy was a year ago April. ago I was diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma with 3 positive nodes and had a lumpectomy (left breast) followed by chemo & radiation. A lumpectomy is the surgical removal of a small area of breast tissue that is cancerous or suspected of being cancerous. Purpose: The aim of our study was to establish the prevalence of breast pain persisting 5 years after the initial treatment of breast cancer (BC) and the relationship between those persistent symptoms and general well-being. A lumpectomy is a surgical procedure that removes cancerous breast tissue along with an area of healthy surrounding tissue. pregnancy. Wearing a compression garment after your breast augmentation or breast lift applies even pressure across the treatment area, preventing excessive buildup of fluids. What is seroma? After breast cancer surgery, fluid may collect where tissue was removed. If you’re getting radiation therapy after a lumpectomy, you’ll have radiation treatments to your whole affected breast for 3½ to 5 weeks. PMPS is often described as a typical neuropathic pain consisting of burning pain, shooting pain, pain evoked by pressure and deep blunt pain. Treatment. This is because while radiation destroys cancer cells, it also. For the last few days the pain in my breast is awful, but is also radiating down my right side through my ribs, they feel really bruised. 3. Clip displacement from the. May 13, 2023. . Definition. 3% in 2011. I had no numbness near the incision after my lumpectomy, but the sentinel node biopsy and lymph node removal made me numb. The debilitating arm and shoulder disability and pain that some women who have had breast cancer surgery experience as a side effect can be reduced by following a physiotherapy-led exercise programme after their operation, a new NIHR-funded study has found. Yes, I still get shooting pains that I and my surgeon call phantom pain. 0). Was not to painful , I got thru it. In the past, when concern was predominantly on patient survival, this pain. Arm morbidity is very common in women undergoing treatments for breast cancer. After the Procedure. Breast lump removal is done as an outpatient surgery most of the time. Severe or ongoing headaches. 26, 2010, on my post-op appt. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience sharp breast pain alongside one or more of the following: feelings of pressure, fullness, or squeezing in the chest that may come and go. Fortunately, survival rates continue to improve, likely due to improved individualized treatment as well. Had to have more revision surgeries (hisense).